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Sole Trader vs Limited Company Calculator

Simple side-by-side comparison for one person’s trading income (England & NI, 2025/26 style assumptions). This is an illustration only – not tailored tax advice.

Sole Trader

Gross income (£) Expenses (£)

Limited Company

Company gross income (£) Company expenses (excl. salary & ER NI) (£)

Results

	Sole Trader	Limited Company (Owner)
Profit before tax
Income tax
National Insurance
Corporation tax	-
Employer’s NI (company cost)	-
Net personal income (after all taxes)

Key assumptions:
• UK personal allowance £12,570 and standard income tax bands (20% / 40% / 45%).
• Sole trader: Class 4 NI at 6% between £12,570–£50,270 and 2% above that.
• Ltd: salary up to £12,570 (capped at available profit), employer’s NI at 15% on salary above £5,000 and treated as an expense; corporation tax approx. 19%–25% depending on profit; remaining post-tax profit paid as dividends with 0% on first £500 and 8.75% / 33.75% / 39.35% thereafter.
• No student loan, pension, benefits in kind, other income, Scottish rates or personal allowance tapering.

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Capital Gains Tax Calculator (UK)

Includes annual exempt amount (£3,000) and splits gains across the remaining basic rate band automatically.

Other income (before CGT)

Your taxable income before the capital gain (salary, rents, dividends, etc.).

Proceeds

Sale price or market value if gifted.

Cost

Purchase price + buying costs.

Allowable expenses

Legal fees, agents, improvements, etc.

Personal allowance

Defaults to £12,570. (This simple tool ignores tapering above £100k.)

Annual exempt amount: £3,000 Remaining basic band: £0

Gain before exemption

£0

Annual exempt amount used

£0

Taxable gain

£0

Tax at lower rate

£0 @ 18%

Tax at higher rate

£0 @ 24%

Estimated Capital Gains Tax

£0

Disclaimer: This calculator provides an illustrative estimate of potential Capital Gains Tax (CGT) based on standard 2025/26 UK tax rates and allowances. It does not account for all individual circumstances such as losses, reliefs (e.g. Private Residence Relief, Lettings Relief, Business Asset Disposal Relief), tapering of allowances, or non-UK residency rules. The calculation is for general guidance only and should not be relied upon as professional tax advice. Always seek tailored advice from a qualified accountant or tax adviser before making financial decisions.

Self Assessment – Client Intake Form

Self Assessment – Client Intake

Tax year runs 6 April to 5 April. Conditional questions will appear as you answer.

Personal Information

1. Full Name

2. National Insurance Number

3. Address

4. Phone Number

5. Email Address

6. Date of Birth

Residency Status

7. Are you a UK resident for tax purposes?

Yes No

Please select Yes or No.

8. Have you lived in the UK for the full tax year (6th April to 5th April)?

Yes No

9. If not, how many days have you spent in the UK this tax year?

Please select Yes or No.

10. Do you have a permanent home in the UK?

Yes No

Please select Yes or No.

11. Do you own property or have business interests abroad?

Yes No

If yes, details

Please select Yes or No.

12. Have you received income from overseas (wages, dividends, rental income, etc.)?

Yes No

If yes, total amount and sources

Please select Yes or No.

13. Are you claiming the remittance basis for any foreign income?

Yes No

Please select Yes or No.

14. Have you been a non-resident in the UK at any time in the past three years?

Yes No

If yes, provide details (dates and reasons)

Please select Yes or No.

15. Have you moved in or out of the UK during the current tax year?

Yes No

Date of move

Please select Yes or No.

Employment & Income

16. Employer Name

Gross Salary

PAYE Tax Paid

17. Do you have any other employment?

Yes No

Details of other employment

Please select Yes or No.

18. Do you receive any freelance or self-employed income?

Yes No

Total income received

Please select Yes or No.

Business Income (Sole Trader / Limited Company)

19. Do you own any business or operate as a sole trader?

Yes No

Nature of Business

Accounting Period

Please select Yes or No.

20. Total Business Income (Revenue)

21. Total Business Expenses

22. Net Business Profit

Auto-calculates from income − expenses on blur.

23. Have you made any pension contributions through the business?

Property Income

24. Do you receive rental income from any properties?

Yes No

25. Total Rental Income Received

26. Total Rental Expenses (maintenance, utilities, etc.)

27. Mortgage Interest Paid (if applicable)

Is any property owned jointly?

Yes No

Co-owner full name

Ownership share (%)

Co-owner NI number (if known)

Notes (e.g., Form 17 election)

28. Net Profit from Property Income

Auto-calculates as rental income − expenses.

Please select Yes or No.

Investments & Savings

29. Do you have any income from investments (dividends, interest, etc.)?

Yes No

Total Investment Income

Please select Yes or No.

30. Have you sold any shares, properties, or other assets this tax year?

Yes No

Details of the sale(s)

Please select Yes or No.

31. Have you made any contributions to ISAs or pension schemes?

Yes No

Total Contributions

Please select Yes or No.

Other Income

32. Do you receive any other types of income (inheritance, royalties, etc.)?

Yes No

Type of Income and Amount

Please select Yes or No.

Deductions & Allowances

33. Do you have any other allowable expenses (work-from-home, travel, etc.)?

34. Are you claiming any tax reliefs (charitable donations, gift aid, etc.)?

Capital Gains

35. Have you sold any assets that may be subject to capital gains tax?

Yes No

36. Details of any capital gains (sales, purchase price/date, sale price/date, costs)

Please select Yes or No.

Other Details

37. Do you receive any state benefits?

38. Do you have a student loan?

Yes No

Student Loan Plan

If applicable.

Are you married or in a civil partnership and would you like to claim Marriage Allowance?

Yes No

Spouse/Partner full name

Spouse/Partner NI number (if known)

Are you transferring your allowance or receiving it?

Notes

Click “Download PDF”, then choose “Save as PDF” in the print dialog.

Generated from Self Assessment – Client Intake •

Self Assessment – Client Intake Form

Self Assessment – Client Intake

Tax year runs 6 April to 5 April. Conditional questions will appear as you answer.

Personal Information

1. Full Name

2. National Insurance Number

3. Address

4. Phone Number

5. Email Address

6. Date of Birth

Residency Status

7. Are you a UK resident for tax purposes?

Yes
No

Please select Yes or No.

8. Have you lived in the UK for the full tax year (6th April to 5th April)?

Yes
No

9. If not, how many days have you spent in the UK this tax year?

Please select Yes or No.

10. Do you have a permanent home in the UK?

Yes
No

Please select Yes or No.

11. Do you own property or have business interests abroad?

Yes
No

If yes, details

Please select Yes or No.

12. Have you received income from overseas (wages, dividends, rental income, etc.)?

Yes
No

If yes, total amount and sources

Please select Yes or No.

13. Are you claiming the remittance basis for any foreign income?

Yes
No

Please select Yes or No.

14. Have you been a non-resident in the UK at any time in the past three years?

Yes
No

If yes, provide details (dates and reasons)

Please select Yes or No.

15. Have you moved in or out of the UK during the current tax year?

Yes
No

Date of move

Please select Yes or No.

Employment & Income

16. Employer Name

Gross Salary

PAYE Tax Paid

17. Do you have any other employment?

Yes
No

Details of other employment

Please select Yes or No.

18. Do you receive any freelance or self-employed income?

Yes
No

Total income received

Please select Yes or No.

Business Income (Sole Trader / Limited Company)

19. Do you own any business or operate as a sole trader?

Yes
No

Nature of Business

Accounting Period

Please select Yes or No.

20. Total Business Income (Revenue)

21. Total Business Expenses

22. Net Business Profit

Auto-calculates from income − expenses on blur.

23. Have you made any pension contributions through the business?

Property Income

24. Do you receive rental income from any properties?

Yes
No

25. Total Rental Income Received

26. Total Rental Expenses (maintenance, utilities, etc.)

27. Mortgage Interest Paid (if applicable)

Is any property owned jointly?

Yes
No

Co-owner full name

Ownership share (%)

Co-owner NI number (if known)

Notes (e.g., Form 17 election)

28. Net Profit from Property Income

Auto-calculates as rental income − expenses.

Please select Yes or No.

Investments & Savings

29. Do you have any income from investments (dividends, interest, etc.)?

Yes
No

Total Investment Income

Please select Yes or No.

30. Have you sold any shares, properties, or other assets this tax year?

Yes
No

Details of the sale(s)

Please select Yes or No.

31. Have you made any contributions to ISAs or pension schemes?

Yes
No

Total Contributions

Please select Yes or No.

Other Income

32. Do you receive any other types of income (inheritance, royalties, etc.)?

Yes
No

Type of Income and Amount

Please select Yes or No.

Deductions & Allowances

33. Do you have any other allowable expenses (work-from-home, travel, etc.)?

34. Are you claiming any tax reliefs (charitable donations, gift aid, etc.)?

Capital Gains

35. Have you sold any assets that may be subject to capital gains tax?

Yes
No

36. Details of any capital gains (sales, purchase price/date, sale price/date, costs)

Please select Yes or No.

Other Details

37. Do you receive any state benefits?

38. Do you have a student loan?

Yes
No

Student Loan Plan

If applicable.

Are you married or in a civil partnership and would you like to claim Marriage Allowance?

Yes
No

Spouse/Partner full name

Spouse/Partner NI number (if known)

Are you transferring your allowance or receiving it?

Notes

Click “Download PDF”, then choose “Save as PDF” in the print dialog.

Generated from Self Assessment – Client Intake •